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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (September 30, 2004). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00690.2004
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Submitted on July 13, 2004
Accepted on September 17, 2004

Aggregate formation of erythrocytes in postcapillary venules

Sangho Kim1, Aleksander S. Popel2, Marcos Intaglietta1, and Paul C. Johnson1*

1 Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: pjohnson{at}bioeng.ucsd.edu.

The purpose of the present study was to obtain information on erythrocyte aggregate formation in vivo. The movements of erythrocytes in postcapillary venules of the rat spinotrapezius muscle at various flow rates were recorded with a high speed video camera before and after infusion of Dextran 500. To distinguish aggregates, the following criteria were used: 1) a fixed distance (4 µm) between the center points of two adjacent cells; 2) lack of visible separation between the adjacent cells; 3) movement of the adjacent cells in the same direction. Without Dextran 500 infusion, 11% and 5% of erythrocytes formed aggregates in low (33.2 ± 28.3 s-1) and high pseudoshear (144.2 ± 58.3 s-1) conditions, respectively, based on the above criteria. Following Dextran 500 infusion, 53% of erythrocytes satisfied the criteria in the low pseudoshear condition (26.5 ± 17.0 s-1) and 13% of erythrocytes met the criteria in the high pseudoshear condition (240.0 ± 85.9 s-1), indicating erythrocyte aggregation is strongly associated with shear rate. Approximately 90% of aggregate formation occurred in a short time period (0.15 - 0.30 s after entering the venule) in a region 15 to 30 µm from the entrance. The time delay may reflect rheological entrance conditions in the venule.




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