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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (September 2, 2004). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00691.2004
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Submitted on July 13, 2004
Accepted on August 30, 2004

EFFECTS OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE AND ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE USE ON CALF VENOUS COMPLIANCE

Jessica R Meendering, Britta N Torgrimson, Belinda L Houghton, John R Halliwill, and Christopher T Minson*

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: minson{at}oregon.uoregon.edu.

Numerous studies have shown the female sex hormones estrogen and progesterone have multiple effects on the vasculature. Thus, our goal was to investigate the effects of estrogen and progesterone on calf venous compliance by looking for cyclic changes during the early follicular, ovulatory, and mid-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle and during high and low hormone phases of oral contraceptive use. Additionally, we wanted to compare the venous compliance of normally menstruating women, oral contraceptive users, and men. We studied 8 normally menstruating women (23 ± 1 years) during the early follicular, ovulatory, and mid-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Nine tri-phasic oral contraceptive users (21 ± 1 years) were studied during weeks of high and low hormone concentrations. Eight men (23 ± 1 years) were studied twice within 2-4 weeks. Using venous occlusion-plethysmography, with mercury-in-silastic strain gauges, lower limb venous compliance was measured by inflating a venous collection cuff, placed on the thigh, to 60mmHg for 8 minutes, then reducing the pressure at a rate of 1mmHg/sec to 0mmHg. Venous compliance was calculated as the derivative of the pressure-volume curves. There were no differences between early follicular, ovulatory and mid-luteal phases of the menstrual cycle or between high and low hormone phases of oral contraceptive use (P>0.05). Male venous compliance was significantly greater than normally menstruating women (P<0.001) and oral contraceptive users (P<0.002). These data suggest venous compliance does not change with menstrual cycle phase or during the course of oral contraceptive use, but supports a sex difference.




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