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1 Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Science Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
2 Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
3 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Hypertension Unit , University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
4 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Hypertension Unit , University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Career Investigator of the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario, Ontario, Canada
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: fleenen{at}ottawaheart.ca.
To assess effects of dietary salt on brain AT1 receptor densities, Dahl S and R rats of 4 weeks of age were fed regular (101 µmol Na/g) or high (1370 µmol Na/g) salt diet for 1, 2 or 4 weeks. AT1 receptors were assessed by quantitative in vitro autoradiography. AT1 receptor densities did not differ significantly between strains on regular salt diet. High salt diet for 1 or 2 weeks increased AT1 receptor binding by 21-64% in Dahl S rats in the SFO, MnPO, PVN and SCh. No changes were noted in Dahl R rats. After 4 weeks on high salt diet, increases in AT1 receptor binding persisted in Dahl S rats, but were now also noted in the PVN, MnPO and SCh of Dahl R rats. At 4 weeks on diet, icv captopril caused clear decreases in BP only in Dahl S on high salt, but caused largely similar relative increases in brain AT1-receptor densities largely to a similar extent in Dahl S and R on high salt vs regular salt diet. These data demonstrate that high salt intake rapidly (within 1 week) increases AT1 receptor densities in specific brain nuclei in Dahl S and later (by 4 weeks) also in R rats. Since the brain RAS only contributes to salt-induced hypertension only in Dahl S rats, further studies are needed to determine which of the salt-induced increases in brain AT1-receptor densities contribute to the hypertension and which to other aspects of body homeostatis.
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