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1 Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gkassab{at}uci.edu.
The hemodynamic conditions of aorta are relatively uniform prenatally and become more heterogenous postnatally. Our objective is to quantify the heterogeneity of geometry and mechanical properties during growth and development. To accomplish this objective, we obtained a systematic set of data on the geometry and mechanical properties along the length of mouse aorta during postnatal development. The C57BL/6 mice of age 1 to 33 days were studied. The ascending aorta was cannulated in situ and preconditioned with several cyclic changes in pressure. We investigated the axial variations of geometry (diameter and length), and mechanical properties (stress-stain relation, elastic modulus and compliance) of the mice aorta from the aortic valve to the common iliac. Our results show that the arterial blood pressure of mice increased from approximately 30 to 80 mmHg during the first two weeks of life. The stretch ratio, diameter, wall (intima-media) thickness and total lumen volume of mice aorta increased with age. The aorta was transformed from a cylindrical tube at birth to a tapered structure during growth. Furthermore, we found the mechanical properties were fairly uniform along the length of the aorta at birth, and become more non-uniform with age. We conclude that the rapid change of blood pressure and blood flow after birth alter the geometric and mechanical properties differentially along the length of the aorta. Hence, the axial non-uniformity of the aorta increases as the organ becomes more specialized during growth and development.
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