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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print May 16, 2002
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 10.1152/ajpheart.00869.2001
Submitted on October 5, 2001
Accepted on May 9, 2002
1 Pediatric Cardiology Program, New York Unversity School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
2 New York University School of Medicine, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York, New York, USA
3 New York University School of Medicine, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York, New York, USA; Departments of Radiology and Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: colin.phoon{at}med.nyu.edu.
Characterizing embryonic circulatory physiology requires accurate cardiac output and flow data. Despite recent applications of high-frequency ultrasound-Doppler to the study of embryonic circulation, current Doppler analysis of volumetric flow is relatively crude. To improve Doppler derivation of volumetric flow, we sought a preliminary model of the spatial velocity profile in mouse embryonic dorsal aorta using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM)-Doppler data. Embryonic hematocrit is 0.05-0.10, so rheologic properties must be insignificant. Low Reynolds numbers (<500) and Womersley parameters (<0.76) suggest laminar flow. UBM demonstrated a circular dorsal aortic cross-section with no significant tapering. Low Dean numbers (<100) suggest the presence of minimal skewing of the spatial velocity profile. The inlet length allows for fully-developed flow. There is no apparent aortic wall pulsatility. Extrapolation of prior studies to these vessel diameters (300-350 µm) and flow velocities (~50-200 mm/s) suggests parabolic spatial velocity profiles. Therefore, mouse embryonic dorsal aortic blood flow may correspond to Poiseuille flow in a straight, rigid tube, with parabolic spatial velocity profiles. As a first approximation, these results are an important step toward precise, in utero ultrasound characterization of blood flow within the developing mammalian circulation.
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