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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print February 21, 2002
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 10.1152/ajpheart.00879.2001
Submitted on October 10, 2001
Accepted on February 18, 2002
1 Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ktobi0{at}uky.edu.
Mechanical load influences embryonic ventricular growth, morphogenesis and function. However, little is known about changes in regional passive ventricular properties during the development of altered mechanical loading conditions in the embryo. We tested the hypothesis that regional mechanical loads are a critical determinant of embryonic ventricular passive properties. We measured biaxial passive right (RV) and left (LV) ventricular stress-strain relations in chick embryos at Hamburger-Hamilton stages 21 and 27 following conotruncal banding (CTB) to increase biventricular pressure load, or left atrial ligation (LAL) to reduce LV volume load and increase RV volume load. In the RV wall strains at end-diastolic pressure (ED) normalized while ED stresses increased following either CTB or LAL during development. In the LV both ED strain and stress normalized after CTB whereas they remained reduced with significantly increased myocardial stiffness after LAL. Results suggest that the embryonic ventricle adapts to chronically altered mechanical loading conditions by changing specific RV and LV passive properties. Thus, regional mechanical load has a critical role during cardiogenesis.
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