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1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
2 Department of Biomedical Engineering Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mhfriedm{at}duke.edu.
A better understanding of how hemodynamic factors affect the integrity and function of the vascular endothelium is necessary to appreciate more fully how atherosclerosis is initiated and promoted. A novel technique is presented to assess the relationship between fluid dynamic variables and the permeability of the endothelium to macromolecules. Fully anesthetized, domestic swine were intravenously injected with the albumin marker Evans blue dye (EBD), which was allowed to circulate for ninety minutes. Following euthanasia, silicone casts were made of the abdominal aorta and its iliac branches. Pulsatile flow calculations were subsequently made in computational regions derived from the casts. The distribution of the calculated time-dependent wall shear stress in the external iliac branches was directly compared on a point-by-point basis to the spatially varying in vivo uptake of EBD in the same arteries. The results indicate that in vivo endothelial permeability to albumin decreases with increasing time-average shear stress over the normal range. Additionally, endothelial permeability was found to increase slightly with oscillatory shear index (OSI).
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