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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (January 22, 2004). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00933.2003
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Submitted on October 2, 2003
Accepted on January 16, 2004

AUTONOMIC REGULATION OF CALCIUM AND POTASSIUM CHANNELS IS OPPOSITELY MODULATED BY MICROTUBULES IN CARDIAC MYOCYTES

Ana M. Gomez1*, Benoit-Gilles Kerfant1, Guy Vassort1, and Achilles J. Pappano2

1 Physioathologie Cardiovascular, INSERM U-390, EA-3759, INSERM, Montpellier, France
2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: agomez{at}montp.inserm.fr.

We recently showed that colchicine treatment of rat ventricular myocytes increases the L-type Ca2+ current (ICa) and [Ca2+]i transients and interferes with adrenergic signaling. These actions were ascribed to adenylyl cyclase (AC) stimulation following Gs activation by {alpha},{beta}-tubulin. Colchicine depolymerizes microtubules into {alpha},{beta}-tubulin dimers. This work analyzed muscarinic signals in myocytes with intact or depolymerized microtubules. Myocytes were loaded with the Ca2+ indicator Fluo-3 and field-stimulated at 1Hz or voltage clamped. In untreated cells, carbachol (CCh, 1µM) induced IK(ACh), which happens via {beta}{gamma} subunits from the activation of Gi. Carbachol also reduced [Ca2+]i transients and contractions. Once Gi is activated by muscarinic agonist, the {alpha}i subunit is released from the {beta}{gamma} but it is silent and its inhibition of the AC/cAMP cascade, manifested by ICa reduction, is not seen unless AC has been previously activated. In colchicine-treated cells, CCh caused greater reductions of [Ca2+]i transients and contractions than in untreated cells. The {alpha}i subunit became effective in signaling through the AC/cAMP cascade and reduced ICa without changing its voltage-dependence. ISO regained its efficacy and reversed ICa inhibition by CCh. Stimulation of ICa by forskolin persisted in colchicine-treated cells when ISO was ineffective. The effect of CCh on IK(ACh) was occluded in colchicine-treated cells. Colchicine treatment, per se, may increase IK(ACh) by {beta}{gamma} subunits released from Gs to mask this effect of CCh. Microtubules suppress ICa regulation by {alpha}i; their disruption releases restraints that unmask muscarinic inhibition of ICa. Summarily, colchicine treatment reverses the regulation of ventricular excitation-contraction coupling by autonomic agents.




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