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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (March 7, 2002). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00950.2001
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print March 7, 2002
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 10.1152/ajpheart.00950.2001
Submitted on November 1, 2001
Accepted on March 6, 2002

Ovariectomy Upregulates Expression of Estrogen Receptors, Nitric Oxide Synthase, and Heat Shock Proteins in Porcine Platelets

Muthuvel Jayachandran1 and Virginia M Miller1*

1 Surgery, Physiology and Biophysics, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: miller.virginia{at}mayo.edu, lechtenberg.bettie@mayo.edu.

Platelets participate in normal and pathological thrombotic processes. Hormone replacement to post-menopausal women is associated with increase risk for thrombosis. However, little is known regarding how platelets are affected by hormonal status. Nitric oxide modulates platelet functions and is modulated by hormones. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine how loss of ovarian hormones changes expression of estrogen receptors and regulatory proteins for nitric oxide synthase in platelets. Estrogen receptors (ER{alpha}and ERß nitric oxide synthases (NOS), heat shock proteins 70 and 90 (hsp70 and hsp90), caveolin-1, 2, 3 and calmodulin, NOS activity and cGMP were analyzed in lysate of platelets from gonadally intact and ovariectomized female pigs. Expression of ERß and ER{alpha} receptors, eNOS, hsp70 and hsp90 increased with ovariectomy. NOS activity and cGMP also increased; calmodulin was unchanged. Caveolins were not detected. These results suggest that ovarian hormones influence expression of estrogen receptors and eNOS in platelets. Changes in estrogen receptors and NOS could affect platelet aggregation in response to hormone replacement.




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