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1 Department of Physiology, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Gelderland, The Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: m.hopman{at}fysiol.umcn.nl.
The aim of the study was to assess endothelial function, measured by Flow Mediated Dilation (FMD), in an inactive extremity (leg) and chronically active extremity (arm) within one subject. Eleven male spinal cord-injured (SCI) individuals and eleven male controls (C) were included. Echo Doppler measurements were performed to measure FMD responses after 10 and 5 minutes of arterial occlusion of the leg (superficial femoral artery, SFA) and the arm (brachial artery, BA), respectively. A nitroglycerine spray was administered to determine the endothelium independent vasodilatation in the SFA. In the SFA, relative changes in FMD were significantly enhanced in SCI compared with C (SCI: 14.1 ± 1.3%; C: 9.2 ± 2.3%) whereas no differences were found in the BA (SCI: 12.5 ± 2.9%; C: 14.2 ± 3.3%). Since the FMD response is directly proportional to the magnitude of the stimulus, the FMD response was also expressed relative to the shear rate. No differences between the groups were found for the ratio FMD/shear rate in the SFA (SCI:0.061 ± 0.023 %/s-1 C: 0.049 ± 0.024 %/s-1) whereas the ratio FMD /shear rate was significantly decreased in the BA of SCI individuals (SCI: 0.037 ± 0.01 %/s-1 C: 0.061 ± 0.027 %/s-1). The relative dilatory response to nitroglycerine did not differ between the groups. (SCI: 15.6 ± 2.0%; C: 13.4± 2.3%). In conclusion, our results indicate that SCI individuals have a preserved endothelial function in the inactive legs and possibly an attenuated endothelial function in the active arms compared with controls.
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