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1 Physiology, U.niversity of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: efeigl{at}u.washington.edu.
It has previously been shown that red blood cells release ATP when blood oxygen tension decreases. ATP acts on microvascular endothelial cells to produce a retrograde conducted vasodilation (presumably via gap junctions) to the upstream arteriole. These observations form the basis for an ATP hypothesis of local metabolic control of coronary blood flow due to vasodilation in microvascular units where myocardial oxygen extraction is high. Dogs (n=10) were instrumented with catheters in the aorta and coronary sinus and a flow transducer was placed around the circumflex coronary artery. Arterial and coronary venous plasma ATP concentrations were measured at rest and during three levels of treadmill exercise using a luciferin-luciferase assay. During exercise, myocardial oxygen consumption increased ~3.2 fold, coronary blood flow increased ~2.7 fold, and coronary venous oxygen tension decreased from 19 to 12. 9 mmHg. Coronary venous plasma ATP increased significantly from 31.1nM to 51.2 nM (P < .01) during exercise. Coronary blood flow increased linearly with coronary venous ATP concentration (P<.01). Coronary venous plasma minus arterial plasma ATP concentration difference increased significantly during exercise (P<.05). The data support the hypothesis that ATP is one of the factors controlling coronary blood flow during exercise.
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