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1 Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
2 Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: schoneic{at}ukans.edu.
Proteomic techniques were used to identify cardiac proteins from whole heart homogenate and heart mitochondria of Fisher 344/Brown Norway (BN) F1 rats, which suffer protein nitration as a consequence of biological aging. Soluble Proteins from young (5 months) and old (26 months) animals were separated by 1-D and 2-D gel electrophoresis (1DE and 2DE, respectively). 1-D and 2-D Western blots with an anti-nitrotyrosine antibody show an age-related increase in the immunoresponse of a few specific proteins, which were identified by nano-electrospray-ionization MS/MS (NSI-MS/MS). Complementary, proteins were immunoprecipitated with an immobilized anti-nitrotyrosine antibody, followed by NSI-MS/MS analysis. A total of 48 proteins were putatively identified. Among the identified proteins are
-enolase,
-aldolase, desmin, aconitate hydratase, methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase, 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, Acetyl CoA-Acetyltransferase, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), malate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, electron transfer flavoprotein, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), F1-Atpase and the voltage dependent anion channel. Some contaminating blood proteins, transferrin and fibrinogen
-chain precusor, show increased levels of nitration as well. MS/MS analysis located nitration at Y105 of the electron transfer flavoprotein. Among the identified proteins, there are important enzymes responsible for energy production, metabolism as well as proteins involved in the structural integrity of the cells. Our results are consistent with age-dependent increased oxidative stress and with free radical-dependent damage of proteins. Possibly the oxidative modifications of the identified proteins contribute to the age-dependent degeneration and functional decline of the heart proteins.
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