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1 Deutsches Herzzentrum and 1. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitaet, Munich, Germany
2 Institut fuer Experimentelle Onkologie und Therapieforschung, Technische Universitaet, Munich, Germany
3 Deutsches Herzzentrum and 1. Medizinische Klinik, Technische Universitaet, Munich, Germany; Institut fuer Experimentelle Onkologie und Therapieforschung, Technische Universitaet, Munich, Germany
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rwessely{at}dhm.mhn.de.
The rat carotid injury model is the most widely used model to study the pathophysiology of neointimal hyperplasia as well as the value of novel therapeutic approaches to limit vasoproliferative diseases such as restenosis. For lesion assessment, the current gold standard histomorphometry does neither provide integral insight into the vascular lesion in vivo nor assessment of functional lesion-associated flow alterations and the time course of lesion development. To overcome these limitations, we applied and validated duplex sonography as a novel tool for comprehensive lesions assessment in vivo. Left rat common carotid arteries (CCA) were balloon injured. Duplex sonography was performed in both injured and non injured CCAs before and up to 14 days post injury. Sham operated animals served as a control. Parameters determined were vessel lumen diameter as well as systolic and enddiastolic flow velocity, time dependent lesion development and intra- and interobserver variability. Subsequently, the model was applied to validate the therapeutic effect of gene transfer into the vessel wall and compared to histomorphometry. We show that duplex sonography in the experimental carotid injury model allows accurate follow up of lesion development in vivo with low intra- and interobserver variability. It can be easily adopted to assess the efficacy of therapeutic approaches even with limited technical experience and adds valuable functional data to mere post mortem histomorphometric analysis, thereby closing the gap between experimental approaches and clinical importance of vascular lesions.
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