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1 School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Bimmingham, United Kingdom
2 Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: M.J.Parkes{at}bham.ac.uk.
A substantial portion of sinus arrhythmia in conscious humans appears to be caused by the CO2 -dependent central respiratory rhythm. Under some circumstances therefore sinus arrhythmia might indicate the presence of the central respiratory rhythm. Humans can modify voluntarily their central respiratory rhythm (e.g., by pacing breathing, delaying or advancing breaths), but it is not clear what happens to it from the start of breath-holding. We show that sinus arrhythmia persists from the start of breath-holds prolonged by preoxygenation. We show too that some of the frequency components of sinus arrhythmia start within each subject's eupnoeic frequency range and change when end-tidal pCO2 is lowered or raised as we would expect if the central respiratory rhythm continues from the start of breath-holding. We discuss whether sinus arrhythmia can indicate if the central respiratory rhythm continues from the start of breath-holding.
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