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1 Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
2 Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Desk F15, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: pennm{at}ccf.org.
Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) uses a 2-dimensional echocardiographic image to estimate two orthogonal strain components. The aim of this study was to assess sensitivity of circumferential (Scirc) and radial (Srad) strains to infarct-induced left ventricular remodeling and scarring of the left ventricle (LV) in a rat. To assess relationship between Scirc, Srad, and scar size, 2-dimensional echocardiographic LV short-axis images (12 MHz transducer, Vivid 7 echo machine) were collected in 34 Lewis rats four to 10 weeks after ligation of the left anterior descending artery. Percent segmental fibrosis was assessed from histologic LV cross-sections stained by Masson-trichrome. Ten normal rats served as echocardiographic controls. Scirc and Srad were assessed by STE. Histologic data showed consistent scarring of anterior and lateral segments with variable extension to posterior and inferior segments. Both Scirc and Srad significantly decreased after myocardial infarction (p<0.0001 for both). As anticipated, Scirc and Srad were lowest in the infarcted segments. Multiple linear regression showed that segmental Scirc were similarly dependent on segmental fibrosis and end-systolic diameter (p<0.0001 for both), while segmental Srad measurements were more dependent on end-systolic diameter (p<0.0001) than on percent fibrosis (p < 0.002). Speckle tracking echocardiography correctly identifies segmental left ventricular dysfunction induced by scarring that follows myocardial infarction in rats.
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