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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (February 23, 2007). doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01188.2006
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Submitted on October 30, 2006
Accepted on February 21, 2007

In Vitro Study of LDL Transport Under Pressurized (Convective) Conditions

Limary Melissa Cancel1, Andrew Fitting2, and John M. Tarbell1*

1 Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, New York, United States
2 Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tarbell{at}ccny.cuny.edu.

It is difficult to assess the transport pathways that carry low density lipoprotein (LDL) into the artery wall in vivo, and there has been no previous in vitro study that examined transendothelial transport under physiologically relevant pressurized (convective) conditions. Therefore, we measured water, albumin, and LDL fluxes across bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC) monolayers in vitro and determined the relative contributions of vesicles, paracellular transport through "breaks" in the tight junction, and "leaky" junctions associated with dying or dividing cells. Our results show that leaky junctions are the dominant pathway for LDL transport (more than 90%) under convective conditions and that albumin also has a significant component of transport through leaky junctions (44%). Transcellular transport of LDL by receptor-mediated processes makes a minor contribution (less than 10%) to overall transport under convective conditions.




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