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1 Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA; Department of Exercise and Medical Physiology, Merikoski Rehabilitation and Research Center, Oulu, Finland
2 Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
3 Department of Exercise and Medical Physiology, Merikoski Rehabilitation and Research Center, Oulu, Finland; Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
4 Lapland Central Hospital, Rovaniemi, Finland; Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
5 Department of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: arto.hautala{at}merikoski.fi.
The determinants of heart rate (HR) recovery after exercise are not well known, although attenuated HR recovery is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Since acetylcholine receptor subtype M2 (CHRM2) plays a key role in the cardiac chronotropic response, we tested the hypothesis that, in healthy individuals, the CHRM2 gene polymorphisms might be associated with HR recovery one minute after the termination of a maximal exercise test, both before and after endurance training. The study population consisted of sedentary males and females (n=95, 42±5 yr) assigned to a training (n=80) or control group (n=15). The study subjects underwent a 2-week laboratory-controlled endurance training program, which included five 40-min sessions a week at 70-80% of maximal HR. HR recovery differed between the Intron 5 rs324640 genotypes at baseline (C/C -33±10, C/T -33±7 and T/T -40±11 beats per minute (bpm), P=0.008). Endurance training further strengthened the association: the less common C/C homozygotes showed 6 and 12 bpm lower HR recovery than the C/T heterozygotes or the T/T homozygotes (P=0.001), respectively. A similar association was found between A/T transversion at the 3' UTR of the CHRM2 gene and HR recovery at baseline (P=0.025) and after endurance training (P=0.005). These data suggest that DNA sequence variation at the CHRM2 locus is a potential modifier of HR recovery in the sedentary state and after short-term endurance training in healthy individuals.
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