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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print September 19, 2002
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 10.1152/ajpheart.0765.2001
Submitted on August 27, 2001
Accepted on July 8, 2002
1 Department of Medicine, Houston Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
2 Winters Center for Heart Failure Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Medicine, Houston Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: snemoto{at}bcm.tmc.edu.
Measurement of left ventricular (LV) function is often overlooked in murine studies which have been a mainstay of analyzing the effects of genetic manipulation on cardiac phenotype. The goal of this study was to address effects of changes in LV contractility on indices of contractility in mice.LV function was assessed in vivo in closed-chest mice by echocardiography and by LV catheterization using a conductance pressure-volume (PV) catheter with three different interventions that alter contractility by, first atrial-pacing to increase inotropy by augmentation of the force-frequency-relation (modest increment of inotropy), second dobutamine to maximize inotropy, and third esmolol infusion to decrease contractility. Load independent parameters derived from PV relations, such as slope of end-systolic PV relations (ESPVR) and slope of dP/dtmax - end-diastolic volume relation (dP/dt-EDV), and standard echo parameters were measured. The dP/dt-EDV changed the most among parameters after atrial-pacing and dobutamine infusion (%change 162.8±95.9%, 271.0±44.0%, respectively). ESPVR was the most affected by a decrease in LV contractility during esmolol infusion (%change -49.8±8.3%). However, fractional shortening failed to detect changes in contractility during atrial-pacing and esmolol infusion and its %change was less than 20%. This study demonstrated that 1) contractile parameters derived from PV relations change the most during a change in LV contractility and should therefore best detect a small change in contractility in mice and 2) HR has a modest but significant effect on PV relationship derived indices and must be considered in the evaluation of murine cardiac physiology.
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