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1 Departments of Health and Kinesiology and 2 Medical Physiology and 3 Biomedical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
Exercise capacity and skeletal
muscle blood flow during exercise are reduced with advancing age. This
reduction in blood flow capacity may be related to increased reactivity
of skeletal muscle resistance vessels to vasoconstrictor stimuli. The
purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that aging results in
increased vasoconstrictor responses of skeletal muscle resistance
arterioles. First-order (1A) arterioles (90-220 µm) from the
gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of young (4 mo) and aged (24 mo)
Fischer-344 rats were isolated, cannulated, and pressurized via
hydrostatic reservoirs. Vasoconstriction in response to increases in
norepinephrine (NE; 1 × 10
9-1 × 104 M) and KCl (20-100 mM) concentrations and
increases in intraluminal pressure (10-130 cmH2O) were
evaluated in the absence of flow. Responses to NE and KCl were similar
in both soleus and gastrocnemius muscle arterioles from young and aged
rats. In contrast, active myogenic responses to changes in intraluminal
pressure were diminished in soleus and gastrocnemius arterioles from
aged rats. To assess whether alterations in the mechanical properties
of resistance arterioles underlie altered myogenic responsiveness,
passive diameter responses to pressure and mechanical stiffness were
evaluated. There was no effect of age on the structural behavior
(passive pressure-diameter relationship) or stiffness of arterioles
from either the soleus or gastrocnemius muscles. These results suggest that aging does not result in a nonspecific decrease in vasoconstrictor responsiveness of skeletal muscle arterioles. Rather, aging-induced adaptations of vasoreactivity of resistance arterioles appear to be
limited to mechanisms that are uniquely involved in the signaling of
the myogenic response.
norepinephrine; potassium chloride; orthostatic hypotension; stiffness; myogenic response
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