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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 283: H792-H799, 2002. First published April 4, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00025.2002
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Vol. 283, Issue 2, H792-H799, August 2002

Myocardial function defined by strain rate and strain during alterations in inotropic states and heart rate

Frank Weidemann, Fadi Jamal, George R. Sutherland, Piet Claus, Miroslaw Kowalski, Liv Hatle, Ivan De Scheerder, Bart Bijnens, and Frank E. Rademakers

Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium

For porcine myocardium, ultrasonic regional deformation parameters, systolic strain (epsilon sys) and peak systolic strain rate (SRsys), were compared with stroke volume (SV) and contractility [contractility index (CI)] measured as the ratio of end-systolic strain to end-systolic wall stress. Heart rate (HR) and contractility were varied by atrial pacing (AP = 120-180 beats/min, n = 7), incremental dobutamine infusion (DI = 2.5-20 µg · kg-1 · min-1, n = 7), or continuous esmolol infusion (0.5 mg · kg-1 · min-1) + subsequent pacing (120-180 beats/min) (EI group, n = 6). Baseline SRsys and epsilon sys averaged 5.0 ± 0.4 s-1 and 60 ± 4%. SRsys and CI increased linearly with DI (20 µg · kg-1 · min-1; SRsys = 9.9 ± 0.7 s-1, P < 0.0001) and decreased with EI (SRsys = 3.4 ± 0.1 s-1, P < 0.01). During pacing, SRsys and CI remained unchanged in the AP and EI groups. During DI, epsilon sys and SV initially increased (5 µg · kg-1 · min-1; epsilon sys = 77 ± 6%, P < 0.01) and then progressively returned to baseline. During EI, SV and epsilon sys decreased (epsilon sys = 38 ± 2%, P < 0.001). Pacing also decreased SV and epsilon sys in the AP (180 beats/min; epsilon sys = 36 ± 2%, P < 0.001) and EI groups (180 beats/min; epsilon sys = 25 ± 3%, P < 0.001). Thus, for normal myocardium, SRsys reflects regional contractile function (being relatively independent of HR), whereas epsilon sys reflects changes in SV.

myocardial contraction; contractility; echocardiography


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