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Departments of 1 Biochemistry and 2 Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242; and 3 Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616
Cytochrome P-450
epoxygenase-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) play an important
role in the regulation of vascular reactivity and function. Conversion
to the corresponding dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) by soluble
epoxide hydrolases is thought to be the major pathway of EET metabolism
in mammalian vascular cells. However, when human coronary artery
endothelial cells (HCEC) were incubated with 3H-labeled
14,15-EET, chain-shortened epoxy fatty acids, rather than DHET, were
the most abundant metabolites. After 4 h of incubation, 23% of
the total radioactivity remaining in the medium was converted to
10,11-epoxy-hexadecadienoic acid (16:2), a product formed from 14,15-EET by two cycles of 
-oxidation, whereas only 15% was present as 14,15-DHET. Although abundantly present in the medium,
10,11-epoxy-16:2 was not detected in the cell lipids. Exogenously
applied 3H-labeled 10,11-epoxy-16:2 was neither metabolized
nor retained in the cells, suggesting that 10,11-epoxy-16:2 is a major
product of 14,15-EET metabolism in HCEC. 10,11-Epoxy-16:2 produced
potent dilation in coronary microvessels. 10,11-Epoxy-16:2 also
potently inhibited tumor necrosis factor-
-induced production of
IL-8, a proinflammatory cytokine, by HCEC. These findings implicate -oxidation as a major pathway of 14,15-EET metabolism in HCEC and
provide the first evidence that EET-derived chain-shortened epoxy fatty
acids are biologically active.
beta-oxidation; vasorelaxation; inflammation; epoxyeicosatrienoic acid
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