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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 284: H56-H65, 2003. First published September 12, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00577.2002
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Vol. 284, Issue 1, H56-H65, January 2003

RV functional imaging: 3-D echo-derived dynamic geometry and flow field simulations

Ares D. Pasipoularides1,2, Ming Shu2, Michael S. Womack1, Ashish Shah1, Olaf von Ramm2, and Donald D. Glower1

Division of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, 1 Department of Surgery, and 2 Center for Emerging Cardiovascular Technologies, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710

We describe a novel functional imaging approach for quantitative analysis of right ventricular (RV) blood flow patterns in specific experimental animals (or humans) using real-time, three-dimensional (3-D) echocardiography (RT3D). The method is independent of the digital imaging modality used. It comprises three parts. First, a semiautomated segmentation aided by intraluminal contrast medium locates the RV endocardial surface. Second, a geometric scheme for dynamic RV chamber reconstruction applies a time interpolation procedure to the RT3D data to quantify wall geometry and motion at 400 Hz. A volumetric prism method validated the dynamic geometric reconstruction against simultaneous sonomicrometric canine measurements. Finally, the RV endocardial border motion information is used for mesh generation on a computational fluid dynamics solver to simulate development of the early RV diastolic inflow field. Boundary conditions (tessellated endocardial surface nodal velocities) for the solver are directly derived from the endocardial geometry and motion information. The new functional imaging approach may yield important kinematic information on the distribution of instantaneous velocities in the RV diastolic flow field of specific normal or diseased hearts.

cardiac image analysis; ventricular function; cardiac fluid dynamics; right ventricle; heart chamber volume


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