| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Department of Medical Physics, Cardiovascular Research Institute Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Submitted 6 February 2003 ; accepted in final form 30 July 2003
Endothelial cells are covered by a surface layer of membrane-associated proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, glycolipids, and associated plasma proteins. This layer may limit transendothelial solute transport. We determined dimension and transport properties of this endothelial surface layer (ESL) in isolated arteries. Rat mesenteric small arteries (diameter 
150 µm) were isolated and cannulated with a double-barreled 
-pipette on the inlet side and a regular pipette on the outlet side. Dynamics and localization of intra-arterial fluorescence by FITC-labeled dextrans (FITC-
s) and the endothelial membrane dye DiI were determined with confocal microscopy. Large FITC- (148 kDa) filled a core volume inside the arteries within 1 min but was excluded from a 2.6 ± 0.5-µm-wide region on the luminal side of the endothelium during 30 min of dye perfusion. Medium FITC- (50.7 kDa) slowly penetrated this ESL within 30 min but did not permeate into the arterial wall. Small FITC- (4.4 kDa) quickly passed the ESL and accumulated in the arterial wall. Prolonged luminal fluorochrome illumination with a bright mercury lamp destroyed the 3-µm exclusion zone for FITC-148 within a few minutes. This study demonstrates the presence of a thick ESL that contributes to the permeability barrier to solutes. The layer is sensitive to phototoxic stress, and its damage could form an early event in atherosclerosis.
vascular permeability; isolated artery; endothelial surface layer; confocal microscopy; glycocalyx
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. C. Meuwese, H. L. Mooij, M. Nieuwdorp, B. van Lith, R. Marck, H. Vink, J. J. P. Kastelein, and E. S. G. Stroes Partial recovery of the endothelial glycocalyx upon rosuvastatin therapy in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia J. Lipid Res., January 1, 2009; 50(1): 148 - 153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Tarbell and E. E. Ebong The Endothelial Glycocalyx: A Mechano-Sensor and -Transducer Sci. Signal., October 7, 2008; 1(40): pt8 - pt8. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Parikova, W. Smit, M. M. Zweers, D. G. Struijk, and R. T. Krediet Free water transport, small pore transport and the osmotic pressure gradient Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., July 1, 2008; 23(7): 2350 - 2355. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. W. G. E. VanTeeffelen, A. A. Constantinescu, J. Brands, J. A. E. Spaan, and H. Vink Bradykinin- and sodium nitroprusside-induced increases in capillary tube haematocrit in mouse cremaster muscle are associated with impaired glycocalyx barrier properties J. Physiol., July 1, 2008; 586(13): 3207 - 3218. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. A. LaMack and M. H. Friedman Individual and combined effects of shear stress magnitude and spatial gradient on endothelial cell gene expression Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2007; 293(5): H2853 - H2859. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Yao, A. Rabodzey, and C. F. Dewey Jr. Glycocalyx modulates the motility and proliferative response of vascular endothelium to fluid shear stress Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2007; 293(2): H1023 - H1030. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Nieuwdorp, H. L. Mooij, J. Kroon, B. Atasever, J. A.E. Spaan, C. Ince, F. Holleman, M. Diamant, R. J. Heine, J. B.L. Hoekstra, et al. Endothelial glycocalyx damage coincides with microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes, April 1, 2006; 55(4): 1127 - 1132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Mehta and A. B. Malik Signaling Mechanisms Regulating Endothelial Permeability Physiol Rev, January 1, 2006; 86(1): 279 - 367. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. M. A. van Haaren, E. VanBavel, H. Vink, and J. A. E. Spaan Charge modification of the endothelial surface layer modulates the permeability barrier of isolated rat mesenteric small arteries Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2005; 289(6): H2503 - H2507. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. W. G. E. VanTeeffelen, S. Dekker, D. S. Fokkema, M. Siebes, H. Vink, and J. A. E. Spaan Hyaluronidase treatment of coronary glycocalyx increases reactive hyperemia but not adenosine hyperemia in dog hearts Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2005; 289(6): H2508 - H2513. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. R. Pries and T. W. Secomb Microvascular blood viscosity in vivo and the endothelial surface layer Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2005; 289(6): H2657 - H2664. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
N. Ono, R. Mizuno, and T. Ohhashi Effective permeability of hydrophilic substances through walls of lymph vessels: roles of endothelial barrier Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2005; 289(4): H1676 - H1682. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. R. Hyduke and J. C. Liao Analysis of nitric oxide donor effectiveness in resistance vessels Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2005; 288(5): H2390 - H2399. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Ueda, M. Shimomura, M. Ikeda, R. Yamaguchi, and K. Tanishita Effect of glycocalyx on shear-dependent albumin uptake in endothelial cells Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2004; 287(5): H2287 - H2294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
