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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 286: H1107-H1113, 2004. First published November 26, 2003; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00656.2003
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Mechanisms of ADRF release from rat aortic adventitial adipose tissue

Galyna Dubrovska, Stefan Verlohren, Friedrich C. Luft, and Maik Gollasch

Franz Volhard Clinic and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Charité University Hospitals, Humboldt University of Berlin, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin, 13125 Berlin, Germany

Submitted 14 July 2003 ; accepted in final form 17 November 2003

Blood vessels are surrounded by variable amounts of adipose tissue. We showed earlier that adventitial adipose tissue inhibits rat aortic contraction by release of a transferable factor, adventitium-derived relaxing factor (ADRF), which activates smooth muscle K+ channels. However, little is known about the mechanisms of ADRF release. Using isolated rat aortic rings and isometric contraction measurements, we show that ADRF release depends on extracellular [Ca2+] (EC50 ~ 4.7 mM). ADRF effects do not involve neuronal presynaptic N-type Ca2+ and Na+ channels or vanilloid, cannabinoid, and CGRP receptors. ADRF release is strongly inhibited by the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and tyrphostin A25. In contrast, daidzein, an inactive genistein analog, and the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor ST638 had no effect. Protein kinase A inhibition by H89 also inhibited ADRF release, whereas the protein kinase G inhibitor KT-5823 had no effect. We propose that ADRF release is Ca2+ dependent and is regulated by intracellular signaling pathways involving tyrosine kinase and protein kinase A. Furthermore, ADRF release does not depend on perivascular nerve endings.

adipocyte-derived relaxing factor; smooth muscle; tyrosine kinase; protein kinase A; obesity; vascular dysfunction; arterial tone; adventitia-derived relaxing factor


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: M. Gollasch, Franz Volhard Clinic, Wiltbergstrasse 50, 13125 Berlin, Germany (E-mail: gollasch{at}fvk-berlin.de).




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