| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Department of Bioengineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
Submitted 2 September 2003 ; accepted in final form 23 December 2003
Alterations in the composition of the glycocalyx of venular endothelium in postcapillary venules (rat mesentery) were explored in models of inflammation and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Lectins were covalently linked to fluorescently labeled microspheres (0.1-µm diameter) or directly labeled with FITC. Adhesion of lectins specific for glucose and galactose residues of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and other components of the endothelial glycocalyx decreased dramatically after superfusion of the mesentery with the chemoattractant N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and during reperfusion after 60-min ischemia. These reductions were significantly attenuated by superfusion with pertussis toxin (PTX), suggesting that shedding of glycocalyx was mediated by G proteins. Adhesion of microspheres linked with antibody for syndecan-1, a major proteoglycan to which GAGs are bound, revealed increased labeling as GAGs were lost and permitted greater numbers of spheres to adhere to the protein core, which was not shed. Induction of ischemia by occluding proximal microvessels for 60 min resulted in a 40% increase in galactosaminoglycans and a 15% increase in glucosaminoglycans on the endothelium, which was not inhibited by PTX. Reperfusion of vessels led to a rapid loss of GAGs that was inhibited by pretreatment with PTX, with 40% of galactosaminoglycans and 25% of glucosaminoglycans accumulated being removed by G protein-mediated shedding and the remainder freely convected away by fluid shear. We conclude that the composition of the glycocalyx results from a balance of the rate of biosynthesis of GAGs by the endothelial cell and their shedding, which may be mediated by intracellular and/or membrane-bound proteases or lyases released or activated by G protein signaling.
endothelium; venules
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  P. Robert, K. Sengupta, P.-H. Puech, P. Bongrand, and L. Limozin Tuning the Formation and Rupture of Single Ligand-Receptor Bonds by Hyaluronan-Induced Repulsion Biophys. J., October 15, 2008; 95(8): 3999 - 4012. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. M. Tarbell and E. E. Ebong The Endothelial Glycocalyx: A Mechano-Sensor and -Transducer Sci. Signal., October 7, 2008; 1(40): pt8 - pt8. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Banz, R. Rieben, C. Zobrist, P. Meier, S. Shaw, J. Lanz, T. Carrel, and P. Berdat Addition of dextran sulfate to blood cardioplegia attenuates reperfusion injury in a porcine model of cardiopulmonary bypass Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., September 1, 2008; 34(3): 653 - 660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. W. G. E. VanTeeffelen, A. A. Constantinescu, J. Brands, J. A. E. Spaan, and H. Vink Bradykinin- and sodium nitroprusside-induced increases in capillary tube haematocrit in mouse cremaster muscle are associated with impaired glycocalyx barrier properties J. Physiol., July 1, 2008; 586(13): 3207 - 3218. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K Svennevig, T. Hoel, A. Thiara, S. Kolset, A Castelheim, T. Mollnes, F Brosstad, E Fosse, and J. Svennevig Syndecan-1 plasma levels during coronary artery bypass surgery with and without cardiopulmonary bypass Perfusion, May 1, 2008; 23(3): 165 - 171. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Haraldsson, J. Nystrom, and W. M. Deen Properties of the Glomerular Barrier and Mechanisms of Proteinuria Physiol Rev, April 1, 2008; 88(2): 451 - 487. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Banz, O. M. Hess, S. C. Robson, E. Csizmadia, D. Mettler, P. Meier, A. Haeberli, S. Shaw, R. A. Smith, and R. Rieben Attenuation of myocardial reperfusion injury in pigs by Mirococept, a membrane-targeted complement inhibitor derived from human CR1 Cardiovasc Res, December 1, 2007; 76(3): 482 - 493. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. W.G.E. VanTeeffelen, J. Brands, C. Jansen, J. A.E. Spaan, and H. Vink Heparin Impairs Glycocalyx Barrier Properties and Attenuates Shear Dependent Vasodilation in Mice Hypertension, July 1, 2007; 50(1): 261 - 267. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Bertuglia, F. M. Veronese, and G. Pasut Polyethylene glycol and a novel developed polyethylene glycol-nitric oxide normalize arteriolar response and oxidative stress in ischemia-reperfusion Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2006; 291(4): H1536 - H1544. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. J. Bergan, G. W. Schmid-Schonbein, P. D. C. Smith, A. N. Nicolaides, M. R. Boisseau, and B. Eklof Chronic Venous Disease N. Engl. J. Med., August 3, 2006; 355(5): 488 - 498. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Rubio-Gayosso, S. H. Platts, and B. R. Duling Reactive oxygen species mediate modification of glycocalyx during ischemia-reperfusion injury Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2006; 290(6): H2247 - H2256. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Mehta and A. B. Malik Signaling Mechanisms Regulating Endothelial Permeability Physiol Rev, January 1, 2006; 86(1): 279 - 367. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Banz, O. M. Hess, S. C. Robson, D. Mettler, P. Meier, A. Haeberli, E. Csizmadia, E. Y. Korchagina, N. V. Bovin, and R. Rieben Locally targeted cytoprotection with dextran sulfate attenuates experimental porcine myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury Eur. Heart J., November 1, 2005; 26(21): 2334 - 2343. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Bruegger, M. Jacob, M. Rehm, M. Loetsch, U. Welsch, P. Conzen, and B. F. Becker Atrial natriuretic peptide induces shedding of endothelial glycocalyx in coronary vascular bed of guinea pig hearts Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2005; 289(5): H1993 - H1999. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Solic, J. Wilson, S. J. Wilson, and J. K. Shute Endothelial Activation and Increased Heparan Sulfate Expression in Cystic Fibrosis Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 1, 2005; 172(7): 892 - 898. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
