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Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 287: H1353-H1361, 2004. First published May 13, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00338.2003
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Myocardial O2 consumption in porcine left ventricle is heterogeneously distributed in parallel to heterogeneous O2 delivery

David J. C. Alders,1 A. B. Johan Groeneveld,2 Frans J. J. de Kanter,3 and Johannes H. G. M. van Beek4

1Laboratory for Physiology, 2Department of Intensive Care, Institute for Cardiovascular Research Vrije Universiteit, VU Medical Center, 3Department of Chemistry, and 4Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Submitted 10 April 2003 ; accepted in final form 11 May 2004

Myocardial blood flow is unevenly distributed, but the cause of this heterogeneity is unknown. Heterogeneous blood flow may reflect heterogeneity of oxygen demand. The aim of the present study was to assess the relation between oxygen consumption and blood flow in small tissue regions in porcine left ventricle. In seven male, anesthetized, open-chest pigs, local oxygen consumption was quantitated by computational model analysis of the incorporation of 13C in glutamate via the tricarboxylic acid cycle during timed infusion of [13C]acetate into the left anterior descending coronary artery. Blood flow was measured with radioactive microspheres before and during acetate infusion. High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance 13C spectra were obtained from extracts of tissue samples (159 mg mean dry wt) taken at the end of the acetate infusion. Mean regional myocardial blood flow was stable [5.0 ± 1.6 (SD) and 5.0 ± 1.4 ml·min–1·g dry wt–1 before and after 30 min of acetate infusion, respectively]. Mean left ventricular oxygen consumption measured with the NMR method was 18.6 ± 7.7 µmol·min–1·g dry wt–1 and correlated well (r = 0.85, P = 0.02, n = 7) with oxygen consumption calculated from blood flow, hemoglobin, and blood gas measurements (mean 22.8 ± 4.7 µmol·min–1·g dry wt–1). Local blood flow and oxygen consumption were significantly correlated (r = 0.63 for pooled normalized data, P < 0.0001, n = 60). We calculate that, in the heart at normal workload, the variance of left ventricular oxygen delivery at submilliliter resolution is explained for 43% by heterogeneity in oxygen demand.

regional blood flow; metabolism; myocardium; magnetic resonance spectroscopy


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: A. B. J. Groeneveld, Intensive Care Unit, VU Univ. Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands (E-mail: johan.groeneveld{at}vumc.nl).




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