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Structural adaptation increases predicted perfusion capacity after vessel obstruction in arteriolar arcade network of pig skeletal muscle

¹Biomedical Engineering Program, ²Vascular Research Group, and ³Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; ⁴Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania; and ⁵Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri

Submitted 2 September 2004 ; accepted in final form 21 January 2005

Arteriolar arcades provide alternate pathways for blood flow after obstruction of arteries or arterioles such as occurs in stroke and coronary and peripheral vascular disease. When obstruction is prolonged, remaining vessels adjust their diameters chronically in response to altered hemodynamic and metabolic conditions. Here, the effectiveness of arcades in maintaining perfusion both immediately following obstruction and after structural adaptation was examined. Morphometric data from a vascular casting of the pig triceps brachii muscle and published data were used to develop a computational model for the hemodynamics and structural adaptation of the arcade network between two feed artery branches, FA1 and FA2. The predicted total flow to capillaries (_TA) in the region initially supplied by FA2 decreased to 26% of the normal value immediately after FA2 obstruction but was restored to 78% of the normal value after adaptation. After obstruction of 1–10 randomly selected arcade segments, _TA was on average 18% higher in the arcade network than in a corresponding two-tree network without arcades. Structural adaptation increased _TA by an additional 16% in the arcade network but had almost no effect in the two-tree network. These results indicate that arcades can partially maintain blood flow after vascular blockage and that this effect is substantially enhanced by structural adaptation.

collateralization; computational model; blood flow; shear stress

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