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Ethanol inhibits monocyte chemotactic protein-1 expression in interleukin-1-activated human endothelial cells

¹Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York; and ²Vascular Health Research Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland

Submitted 2 February 2005 ; accepted in final form 16 May 2005

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ethanol (EtOH) on endothelial monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) expression. IL-1 increased the production of MCP-1 by human umbilical vein endothelial cells from undetectable levels to 900 pg/ml at 24 h. EtOH dose-dependently inhibited IL-1-stimulated MCP-1 secretion as determined by ELISA: 25 ± 1%, 35 ± 7%, and 65 ± 5% inhibition for 1, 10, and 100 mM EtOH, respectively, concomitant with inhibition of monocyte adhesion to activated endothelial cells. Similarly, EtOH dose-dependently inhibited IL-1-stimulated MCP-1 mRNA expression. Experiments with actinomycin D demonstrated that EtOH decreased the stability of MCP-1 mRNA. In addition, EtOH significantly reduced NF-B and AP-1 binding activity induced by IL-1 and inhibited MCP-1 gene transcription. Binding of ¹²⁵I-labeled MCP-1 to its receptor (CCR2) on THP-1 human monocytic cells was not affected by EtOH treatment. Modulation of the expression of MCP-1 represents a mechanism whereby EtOH could inhibit atherogenesis by blocking the crucial early step of monocyte adhesion and subsequent recruitment to the subendothelial space. These actions of EtOH may underlie, in part, its cardiovascular protective effects in vivo.

alcohol; chemokines; atherogenesis

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